Tunneling into the interior of the great mound in 1928, marion and ernest dickson discovered the remains of an ancient passageway, shored with light logs and matting, which led to the central tomb. Thomas worthington in chillicothe, ohio, adena, as it was called, was the 2000acre estate of thomas worthington 17731827, sixth governor of ohio and one of the states first united states senators. The adena people lived in extended family groups of roughly 15 to 20 people. Mccord illustrations by aimee smith reports of investigation 61. The name moundbuilders is used simply to designate those people who. Hopewell one early group of mound builders was the hopewell, who lived from 200 bc to ad 500. The adena culture was named for the large mound on thomas worthingtons early 19thcentury estate located near chillicothe, ohio, which he named adena. Although they lived in villages, they did not farm. Volume 3, number 12 spring 2014 journal of kentucky archaeology an introduction to north americas native people adena. A later group of mound builders, the hopewell, lived from about 1 a.
Serpent mound in ohio 1200 ft long, 3 ft high iowa effigy mounds sand springs wildlife area by steamboat rock slide 10. The mound, constructed along the plateau of a crater, had previously been attributed to the adena and hopewell cultures. The first white man to own the mound was jacob lawres, who purchased 174 acres at the land office in 1806. Nonetheless, his findings were largely ignored and the general public continued to believe in the notion of a separate mound builder race. Imagine the amazement of early colonial explorers when they crossed the appalachian mountains and discovered hundreds of conical mounds and geometric earthworks in the upper ohio river and kanawha river valleys. The word, however, has very little scientific significance, since we know that more than one group of ancient. Adena moundbuilder culture can be divided into three periods. No one knows for sure what happened to the adena people after about ad 100. This would have been primarily a cemetery for leaders of distinction among the mound builders of the day. A large mound on this property was called the adena mound. Therefore, the pioneers knew it was not an indian mound, because they. Many different tribal groups and chiefdoms, involving an array of beliefs and unique cultures over.
Jul 02, 2015 conus is recognized as an adena mound even though the accompanying marietta earthworks are assigned to the hopewell culture. The term mound builders refers to several cultures that span a period of about 20 centuries. The adena built many mounds in simple shapes such as circles and rectangles. Pdf the ethnology of the moundbuilders has been researched in north. Berle clay describes the search for elusive adena settlements, sites that would reveal much about the daily life of american indians living in kentucky over 2,000 years ago. They are listed on the national register of historic places under adena. Piedmont rd y rd 60 mound builder pavilion front gate 1 2 3 the rattler 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 catsdartsduck pond big dipper haunted house bullseye. Please practice handwashing and social distancing, and check out our resources for adapting to these times. Grand river culturethe cahokia culture at aztalanthe hopewell.
These mobile huntinggatheringgardening peoples lived in the middle. Exploration of an adena mound at natrium, west virginia. The most famous is the great serpent mound near peebles, ohio. The first settlers to see the great mound, were curious, and wondered how it came to be there. Adena mound, the type site for the adena culture of prehistoric mound builders, is a registered historic structure, on the grounds of the adena mansion for which it is named, near chillicothe, ohio, was listed in the national register on june 5, 1975. The mounds tell us about the cultures of these societies. Moundbuilders background information sheet adena hopewell. Dna testing has found no specific match between the adena and any existing. Mound builder bourbon county is home to large circular villagemounds, each having a personal plaza. Adena occupied valleys along ohio river and its tributaries from about b.
Over the next 500 years, the adenas culture, technology, artistry and rituals changed. There was no evidence of tomb construction of any kind. The mound builders planned city built by an organized labor force mathematical and engineering skills evident different types of soils in. The adena were the earliest group and were the mound builders. Mound builders and pueblos free printable american history reading with questions for grades 912 american history readings the first nativeamerican group to build mounds in what is now the united states often are called the adenans. The archaeology of anderson mounds, mounds state park. The miamisburg mound in montgomery county, ohio, is the largest example of an adena burial mound in the state. The largest of these is the grave creek mound in west virginia. The mound builders in the eastern woodlands of north america, near the ohio and mississippi river valleys, lived several societies known for the large earthen mounds they built. See more ideas about mound builders, archaeology and hopewell culture. Ohio is known for the preservation of many of its mound builder sites. The lakes and rivers were probably what attracted the mound builders to the woods of this area. View adena and hopewell moundbuilders research papers on academia. The dickson family excavated several of the ogdenfettie mounds, including the great ogden mounds, in the early 20th century.
Lesson warm up, teacher instructions, teacher answers, guiding discussion questions, all student handouts and activities are included i. Sketch of the conus mound in marietta wikimedia commons in 1859, t. Today, archaeologists call them adena uhdeenuh, after an estate of the same name in southcentral ohio where researchers first excavated an adena mound. North american cultures moundbuilders adena authorstream. The adena had burial mounds that now appear in presentday ohio. There are thousands of their mounds throughout the eastern part of the united states. The adena, hopewell, and mississippian cultures show. Adena sites are concentrated in a relatively small area maybe 200 sites in the central ohio valley, with perhaps another 200 scattered throughout wisconsin, indiana, kentucky, west virginia, pennsylvania, and maryland. Ancient giants of north america midwest mound builders when the great spirit made the people, some of them. Nonetheless, his findings were largely ignored and the general public continued to. Mound builders there are three different cultures that prospered at three different times that are classified as mound builders. The mound builders lived over a wide area from the atlantic ocean, the midwest and the ohio river valley to the mississippi river valley.
Nov 08, 2009 the adena moundbuilders adena built mounds to bury dead. Later, hopewell and mississippian people also built mounds. It was discovered that adena mound construction begins with the burial of one individual, presumably a noted leader. In this complete lesson from inspired educators, students will examine the life and culture of mound builders such as the adena, hopewell and mississippian groups. However, formatting rules can vary widely between applications and fields of interest or study. Between four to six lineageclans would have made up an adena social group. Late archaic people created and used the mounds from approximately 200 bc until 200 ad. Burial mounds north of chillicothe surrounded by a mediumsized earthen wall. Cheney made the following observations after excavating a mound inside of an enclosure in new york state.
Serpent mound is the largest effigy mound in the world and is thought to represent an uncoiling serpent. Once, however, the mounds were hubs of activity, the social and politi cal nexus of complex tribal societies and chiefdoms, like the adena. Chapter v the mound builders the name mound builders is used simply to designate those people who built mounds and of course in this broad sense it is a perfectly good term. See more ideas about hopewell culture, mound builders and hopewell indians. The giant adena queens burial mounds at moundsville, west virginia stay safe and healthy. The adena built mounds generally ranging in size from 20 to 300 feet in diameter. The first group to develop this way of life was the adena culture. Dec 08, 2015 preexcavation view of the adena mound, located in chillicothe, ohio, united states, northwest of downtown.
The archaeology of anderson mounds mounds state park, anderson, indiana by donald r. Pdf the postulated ancient african moundbuilders of detroit. The adena moundbuilders adena people named after estate of ohio governor worthington. The adena mound builders explores the ancient remains of one of the ohio valleys most enigmatic people. Lir dipper mini golf mound builder pavilion adena indian. Kentucky archaeology video series kentucky heritage council cultural resource analysts, inc. The mound builders planned city built by an organized labor force mathematical and engineering skills evident different types of soils in mounds for proper drainage artifacts show complex society, differences between common people and those with status. Based on the archaeology conducted at the time, we know that adena burial mounds contained multiple burials and these individuals were usually accompanied with funerary objects such as bracelets, ear spools, gorgets, or large ornaments. The adena culture was a precolumbian native american culture that existed from to 200 bce, in a time known as the early woodland period. The indians of the time, the 1790s, simply said, it is ancient. The adena traded copper and mica objects with other tribes. Over the years and succeeding generations, more burials are added to the mound, making it larger and larger. The skeletons were not found lying in such a manner as would indicate any arrangement of the bodies on the part of the entombers. Other cultures extended the mound builders to about 0 a.
Preexcavation view of the adena mound, located in chillicothe, ohio, united states, northwest of downtown. The adena people were mobile huntergatherer gardeners. Several extended families formed a lineage or clan. He pored over several reports and put forward the controversial thesis in 1829 that the mound builders and the indians were one and the same race. More over, he concluded, the american indians were quite capable of erect ing the mounds. The first adena mound found was on thomas worthingtons estate adena. Moundbuilders lived in dome shaped homes made with pole walls and. The most common was the burial mound that was cone shaped and contained a wooden burial chamber. The type site for the adena culture, the site is listed on the national register of historic places, even though the mound was removed decades ago. Ancient earthworks of north america suggest precolumbian. The woodland tribes that built these mounds are thought to be origin which wassiouan later replaced by dakota, winnebago, menominee, salk, fox and other tribes. Moundbuilders of kentucky explores the legacies of an ancient american indian culture renowned for massive burial mounds. This mound looks like a giant snake and is nearly 1,300 feet 400 meters long. This booklet presents archaeologists current ideas about the lifeways and.
8 588 902 498 1303 80 333 623 635 869 902 489 1198 365 145 633 610 3 1192 515 1060 751 1308 1043 241 1225 1031 953 224 1031 53 343 392 1342 946 431 449 795 1251 1034 1338 474 1450 1243 819 975 472 1402 673 947